What is Sepsis?

Sepsis is a sign that the body is not responding properly to an infection, and it is a serious condition. When a person has sepsis, what happens is that the process of fighting an infection turns on the body. The organs begin to work poorly.

Most cases of sepsis are caused by bacterial infections. Urinary tract, skin, lung, and gastrointestinal tract infections are the types that most commonly progress to sepsis. Influenza and fungal infections can also lead to sepsis.

If not treated, sepsis may worsen, leading to septic shock. A dramatic drop in blood pressure occurs that can damage the kidneys, liver, lungs, and other organs. The severe damage caused by untreated sepsis can lead to death.

Signs and Symptoms of Sepsis

The symptoms of sepsis can vary from one person to the next. Symptoms may be different for children and adults. The following are symptoms of sepsis:

• A weak pulse or high heart rate
• Extreme pain or discomfort
• A change in mental status, such as disorientation or confusion
• Shortness of breath
• Shivering, fever, or feeling very cold
• Sweaty or clammy skin for no clear reason
• Feeling lightheaded

Symptoms of sepsis are specific to the type of infection a person is suffering from, such a worsening cough from pneumonia or painful urination from a urinary tract infection.

Learn more in Part 1 of this series.

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